01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease a 9x13-inch baking pan thoroughly with melted butter.
02 - Combine walnuts, almonds, pistachios (if using), sugar, cinnamon, and cloves in a mixing bowl. Toss until evenly blended.
03 - Place one phyllo sheet in the prepared pan. Brush lightly with melted butter. Repeat layering and buttering 6–8 sheets total for the base.
04 - Sprinkle one-third of the nut mixture evenly across the buttered phyllo base.
05 - Layer 4–5 additional phyllo sheets, buttering each sheet. Spread another one-third of the nut mixture over the top.
06 - Add another 4–5 buttered phyllo sheets. Top with the remaining one-third of the nut filling.
07 - Layer remaining phyllo sheets, brushing each with melted butter including the final top sheet.
08 - Using a sharp knife, cut completely through the layered stack to create diamond or square shapes before baking.
09 - Bake for 35–40 minutes until phyllo turns golden brown and becomes crisp throughout.
10 - While baklava bakes, combine sugar, water, and lemon juice in a medium saucepan. Boil for 8–10 minutes until slightly thickened. Remove from heat and stir in honey plus rose or orange blossom water if using.
11 - Immediately pour hot syrup evenly over the hot baked baklava. Allow to cool completely at room temperature so the pastry absorbs the syrup fully before serving.